Shiri da halaye na polyurethane Semi-m kumfa don babban aiki na hannaye na mota.
Ƙarƙashin hannu a cikin motar wani muhimmin sashi ne na taksi, wanda ke taka rawar turawa da jan ƙofar da kuma sanya hannun mutumin a cikin motar. A cikin yanayin gaggawa, lokacin da motar motar da motar hannu ta yi karo, polyurethane mai laushi mai laushi da PP (polypropylene), ABS (polyacrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene) da sauran nau'in filastik mai wuyar gaske, na iya samar da kyakkyawan elasticity da buffer, don haka rage rauni. Hannun kumfa mai laushi mai laushi na polyurethane na iya samar da kyakkyawar jin daɗin hannu da kyakkyawan yanayin shimfidar wuri, ta haka inganta ta'aziyya da kyau na kokfit. Sabili da haka, tare da haɓaka masana'antar kera motoci da haɓaka buƙatun mutane don kayan cikin gida, fa'idodin kumfa mai laushi na polyurethane a cikin hannayen hannu na motoci suna ƙara bayyana.
Akwai nau'ikan hannayen hannu guda uku: babban res billa, kumfa da semi-riguna. An rufe saman waje na babban hannaye mai juriya da PVC (polyvinyl chloride) fata, kuma ciki shine kumfa mai girma na polyurethane. Taimakon kumfa yana da rauni sosai, ƙarfin yana da ƙananan ƙananan, kuma mannewa tsakanin kumfa da fata bai isa ba. Hannun hannun da aka yi da kansa yana da nau'in kumfa mai mahimmanci na fata, ƙananan farashi, babban haɗin kai, kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin motocin kasuwanci, amma yana da wuya a yi la'akari da ƙarfin saman da kuma jin dadi. Semi-m armrest an rufe shi da PVC fata, fata na samar da kyau tabawa da kuma bayyanar, da kuma ciki Semi-m kumfa yana da kyau kwarai ji, tasiri juriya, makamashi sha da kuma tsufa juriya, don haka shi ne mafi kuma mafi yadu amfani a cikin yin amfani da fasinja mota ciki.
A cikin wannan takarda, an tsara ainihin ma'anar kumfa na polyurethane Semi-rigid don motocin hannu, kuma an yi nazarin ingantawarsa akan wannan.
Sashen gwaji
Babban albarkatun kasa
Polyether polyol A (hydroxyl darajar 30 ~ 40 mg/g), polymer polyol B (hydroxyl darajar 25 ~ 30 mg/g): Wanhua Chemical Group Co., LTD. MDI da aka gyara [diphenylmethane diisocyanate, w (NCO) shine 25% ~ 30%], mai kara kuzari, mai watsa ruwa (Agent 3), antioxidant A: Wanhua Chemical (Beijing) Co., LTD., Maitou, da dai sauransu; Mai watsewar jika (Agent 1), mai tarwatsa jika (Agent 2): Byke Chemical. Abubuwan da ke sama sune darajar masana'antu. Fatar rufin PVC: Changshu Ruihua.
Babban kayan aiki da kayan aiki
Sdf-400 irin high-gudun mahautsini, AR3202CN irin lantarki balance, aluminum mold (10cm × 10cm × 1cm, 10cm × 10cm × 5cm), 101-4AB irin lantarki hurawa tanda, KJ-1065 irin lantarki duniya tashin hankali inji, 501A irin super thermostat.
Shiri na asali dabara da samfurin
An nuna ainihin tsari na kumfa polyurethane mai ƙarfi a cikin Table 1.
Shiri na inji Properties gwajin samfurin: da m polyether (A abu) da aka shirya bisa ga zane dabara, gauraye da modified MDI a cikin wani rabo, zuga da wani high-gudun stirring na'urar (3000r / min) for 3 ~ 5s, sa'an nan zuba a cikin m mold zuwa kumfa, da kuma bude mold a cikin wani lokaci don samun polyurethrithm samfurin.
Shirye-shiryen samfurin don gwajin aikin haɗin gwiwa: an sanya wani Layer na fata na PVC a cikin ƙananan mutu na mold, da kuma haɗin polyether da gyare-gyaren MDI suna gauraye daidai gwargwado, an motsa shi da na'urar motsa jiki mai sauri (3 000 r / min) don 3 ~ 5 s, sa'an nan kuma zuba a cikin fata na fata, kuma an rufe mold a cikin wani lokaci tare da polyureth.
Gwajin aiki
Kayan aikin injiniya: 40% CLD (taurin matsa lamba) bisa ga daidaitaccen gwajin ISO-3386; Ana gwada ƙarfin ƙarfi da haɓakawa a lokacin hutu bisa ga ma'aunin ISO-1798; Ana gwada ƙarfin hawaye bisa ga ma'aunin ISO-8067. Ayyukan ɗawainiya: Ana amfani da na'urar tashin hankali ta duniya don kwasfa fata da kumfa 180 ° bisa ga ma'auni na OEM.
Aging yi: Gwada asarar inji Properties da bonding Properties bayan 24 hours na tsufa a 120 ℃ bisa ga misali zazzabi na OEM.
Sakamako da tattaunawa
Kayan inji
Ta hanyar canza ma'auni na polyether polyol A da polymer polyol B a cikin tsari na asali, an bincika tasirin nau'in polyether daban-daban akan kayan aikin injiniya na kumfa polyurethane mai ƙarfi, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Table 2.
Ana iya gani daga sakamakon a cikin Table 2 cewa rabo daga polyether polyol A zuwa polymer polyol B yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan kayan aikin injiniya na kumfa polyurethane. Lokacin da rabo daga polyether polyol A zuwa polymer polyol B ya karu, elongation a lokacin hutu yana ƙaruwa, taurin matsawa yana raguwa zuwa wani matsayi, kuma ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin yage yana canzawa kadan. Sarkar kwayoyin halitta na polyurethane galibi ya ƙunshi yanki mai laushi da yanki mai wuya, yanki mai laushi daga polyol da yanki mai wuya daga haɗin carbmate. A gefe guda, ma'auni na kwayoyin halitta da darajar hydroxyl na polyols guda biyu sun bambanta, a gefe guda, polymer polyol B shine polyether polyol wanda aka gyara ta hanyar acrylonitrile da styrene, kuma tsayayyen sashin sarkar yana inganta saboda kasancewar zoben benzene, yayin da polymer polyol B ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. Lokacin da polyether polyol A shine sassa 80 kuma polymer polyol B shine sassa 10, cikakkun kayan aikin injiniya na kumfa sun fi kyau.
Ƙimar jingina
A matsayin samfur tare da mitar latsawa mai girma, ɗigon hannu zai rage jin daɗin sassa idan kumfa da kwasfa na fata, don haka ana buƙatar aikin haɗin gwiwa na kumfa na polyurethane da fata. Dangane da binciken da aka yi a sama, an ƙara masu rarraba jika daban-daban don gwada abubuwan mannewa na kumfa da fata. Ana nuna sakamakon a Table 3.
Ana iya gani daga tebur na 3 cewa masu rarraba jika daban-daban suna da tasiri a bayyane akan ƙarfin peeling tsakanin kumfa da fata: Rushewar kumfa yana faruwa bayan amfani da ƙari 2, wanda zai iya haifar da yawan bude kumfa bayan ƙara 2; Bayan amfani da additives 1 da 3, ƙarfin cirewa na samfurin blank yana da ƙayyadaddun haɓaka, kuma ƙarfin cirewa na 1 yana da kusan 17% mafi girma fiye da na samfurin blank, kuma ƙarfin cirewa na ƙarar 3 yana da kusan 25% mafi girma fiye da na samfurin blank. Bambanci tsakanin additive 1 da additive 3 an fi haifar da shi ta hanyar bambance-bambance a cikin wettability na kayan da aka haɗa a saman. Gabaɗaya, don ƙididdige jigon ruwa a kan m, kusurwar lamba shine muhimmin ma'auni don auna wettability na saman. Sabili da haka, an gwada kusurwar lamba tsakanin kayan da aka haɗa da fata bayan an ƙara masu tarwatsawa biyu na sama, kuma an nuna sakamakon a cikin Hoto 1.
Ana iya gani daga Hoto 1 cewa kusurwar lamba na samfurin blank shine mafi girma, wanda shine 27 °, kuma ma'auni na ma'auni na wakili na 3 shine mafi ƙanƙanci, wanda shine kawai 12 °. Wannan yana nuna cewa amfani da ƙari 3 na iya inganta wettability na kayan hade da fata zuwa mafi girma, kuma yana da sauƙin yadawa a saman fata, don haka amfani da ƙari 3 yana da mafi girma peeling karfi.
Dukiyar tsufa
Ana danna samfuran hannu a cikin mota, yawan fitowar hasken rana yana da yawa, kuma aikin tsufa wani muhimmin aikin da polyurethane Semi-rigid handrail foam yayi la'akari da shi. Sabili da haka, an gwada aikin tsufa na asali na asali kuma an gudanar da binciken ingantawa, kuma an nuna sakamakon a cikin Table 4.
By kwatanta da bayanai a cikin Table 4, shi za a iya gano cewa inji Properties da bonding Properties na asali dabara suna muhimmanci rage bayan thermal tsufa a 120 ℃: bayan tsufa for 12h, asarar daban-daban Properties fãce yawa (daya a kasa) ne 13% ~ 16%; Asarar aikin 24h tsufa shine 23% ~ 26%. An nuna cewa kayan tsufa na zafi na ainihin dabarar ba ta da kyau, kuma za a iya inganta yanayin tsufa na ainihin dabara ta ƙara A class na antioxidant A zuwa dabara. A ƙarƙashin yanayin gwaji guda ɗaya bayan ƙarar antioxidant A, asarar dukiya daban-daban bayan 12h shine 7% ~ 8%, da asarar dukiya daban-daban bayan 24h shine 13% ~ 16%. Rage kaddarorin injina ya samo asali ne saboda jerin halayen sarkar da ke haifar da fashewar haɗin sinadarai da radicals masu aiki a lokacin tsarin tsufa na thermal, yana haifar da canje-canje na asali a cikin tsari ko kaddarorin ainihin abin. A gefe guda kuma, raguwar aikin haɗin gwiwa yana faruwa ne saboda raguwar kayan aikin injin kumfa kanta, a gefe guda kuma, saboda fatar PVC tana ɗauke da adadi mai yawa na robobi, kuma filastik yana yin ƙaura zuwa sama yayin aiwatar da yanayin tsufa na iskar oxygen. Bugu da ƙari na antioxidants zai iya inganta halayen tsufa na thermal, musamman saboda antioxidants na iya kawar da sababbin abubuwan da aka samar da su na kyauta, jinkirta ko hana tsarin iskar oxygenation na polymer, don kula da ainihin kaddarorin polymer.
m aiki
Dangane da sakamakon da ke sama, an tsara mafi kyawun dabara kuma an kimanta kaddarorin sa daban-daban. An kwatanta aikin dabarar tare da na babban kumfa na hannun rigar polyurethane na gaba ɗaya. Ana nuna sakamakon a Table 5.
Kamar yadda za a iya gani daga Table 5, aikin mafi kyawun tsarin kumfa polyurethane mai tsaka-tsaki yana da wasu fa'idodi akan ka'idoji na asali da na yau da kullun, kuma ya fi dacewa, kuma ya fi dacewa da aikace-aikacen hannu mai girma.
Kammalawa
Daidaita adadin polyether da zaɓin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwanƙwasa da maganin antioxidant na iya ba da kumfa mai ƙarfi na polyurethane mai ƙarfi, kyawawan kaddarorin zafin zafi da sauransu. Dangane da kyakkyawan aikin kumfa, wannan babban aikin polyurethane Semi-rigid foam samfurin za'a iya amfani da shi ga kayan buffer na motoci kamar kayan hannu da teburin kayan aiki.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-25-2024